A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Proframme on Knowledge regarding Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cell Therapy among III Year B.SC. Nursing students in selected Nursing College at Rajkot
Janaki Maradiya, Jeenath Justin Doss K.
Shri Anand Institute of Nursing, Opp. Ghanteshwar Park, B/h Shainik Society,
Jamnagar Road, Rajkot - 360006.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: jankimaradiya9@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy among III year B.Sc. Nursing students in selected nursing college, at Rajkot. The objectives of the study was (a) To Assess the existing knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy among III-year B.Sc. Nursing Students in selected Nursing College at Rajkot. (b) To Assess the effectiveness of Structured teaching programmed (STP) on knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy among III-year B.Sc. Nursing Students in selected Nursing College at Rajkot. (c) To find out Association between their selected Demographic variables and their pre-test level of knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy. The research design adopted was One Group Pre-test and Post-test design. The study had been conducted in selected college at Rajkot. Non probability sampling technique had been adopted to select the desired samples. The sample size was 40. As a part of intervention, a STP on knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy was provided to students for 30 minutes and the data was collected by structured interview with set of questionnaires that is administered to assess the level of knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy among III year B.Sc. Nursing students in selected nursing college, at Rajkot. The data were analyzed by using both descriptive and inferential statistical method paired “t” test was used to evaluating the effectiveness of STP on knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy. The obtained value 20.693, which shows highly significant at the level of p<0.001. There is significant association between demographic variables such as gender, types of family with pretest level of knowledge on umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy. The study concluded that the STP was effectiveness in improving of knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy.
KEYWORDS: Assess, effectiveness, Structured teaching programme, Knowledge, Umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy, Nursing College.
INTRODUCTION:
Cord blood stem cell research has been extensively explored worldwide to enhance human health in medical setting.
Stem cells have tremendous promise to helping us to understand and treat a range of various diseases, injuries and other health- related conditions.
Their potential is evident in the use of cord blood stem cells to treat diseases of the blood. A cord blood stem cell therapy has saved the lives of thousands of children with leukemia; and can be seen in the use of stem cells for tissue grafts to treat diseases or injury to the bone, skin and surface of the eye. Important clinical trials involving stem cells are underway for many other conditions and researchers continue to explore new avenues using stem cells in medicine.1
Cord blood stem cell research has the potential to teach us more about how birth defects occur and how these can be prevented or possibly reversed. An understanding of the regulation and chemical triggers of stem cell proliferation and differentiation are key to addressing birth defects.1
The umbilical cord is one of the richest sources of pure young stem cells in the human body. Stem cells are the very foundation of the human body. Every part of our body including blood, bone, skin and muscles are formed from master cells known as stem cells. Cord blood stem cells are master cells of our body used in the treatment of nearly 80 diseases, including wide range of cancers, genetic diseases and blood transplant. When a transplant is successful a healthy new immune system has been treated. Umbilical cord stem cells when preserve under cryogenic conditions have no expiration date, thereby providing life time benefit.2
NEED FOR THE STUDY:
This study aimed to assess the level of stem cell knowledge, toward stem cell application in medicine. Inadequate knowledge regarding Cord blood stem cell therapy. Umbilical cord blood supplies are not sufficient to meet the high transfusion needs. This study was designed to determine opinion about preservation of umbilical cord blood, identify the reasons for the lack of motivation to donate umbilical cord blood and allow experts to establish better recruitment campaigns to enrich the donor pool.3
As Cord blood stem cells have an ability to grow and differentiate, they are being considered as the treatment option to replace the diseased cells, tissue repairs so as to improve the efficiency and working of a failing organ and organ system e.g., failing heart to function due to damage to the cardiac tissues and muscles. Thus, stem cells offer the possibility of a renewable source for replacement of the affected cells and tissues to treat variety of diseases, trauma and injuries. Stem-cell banks help to preserve the embryonic stem cells that can be used to treat diseases in adult-life and this practice of preservation is the boon for the mankind.4
Genetic disorder rate in India 64.4% (per 1000 live births), Rao and Ghose (2005) report that 1 out of 20 children admitted to hospital has a genetic disorder that ultimately account for about 1 out of 10 childhood deaths. In India ultimately urban area are affected with congenital malformation and genetic disorder are the third most common cause of mortality in newborns.5
Hemophilia A (clotting factor VIII deficiency; MIM: 306700) is the most common form of the disorder, occurring at about 1 in 5,000 to 10,000 male births. Hemophilia B (factor IX deficiency; MIM: 306900) occurs at about 1 in about 20,000- 34,000 male births, with no significant racial difference. Female carriers may also bleed abnormally, because some have low levels of the relevant clotting factor. The birth rate hemophilia in India is 32 per 1,000 live births. Thalassemia is a blood related disorder that is mostly transmitted in autosomal recessive mode. There are an estimated 60-80 million people in the world who carry the beta thalassemia trait. People who carry thalassemia in India alone number approximately 30 million. In India, beta thalassemia is very common in the north eastern region with a frequency of 7-64%. High frequency of beta thalassemia trait is also reported in Gujarat, Punjab, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal.5
Cord blood stem cells are also being studied for treatment for COVID-19 cytokine storms since these and other perinatal (cord tissue and placenta tissue derived) stem cell can secrete anti-inflammatory molecules. Dozens of clinical trials are under way to see if they can help patients with COVID-19. Recent clinical studies show that 1 year after the transplant of UM171 (a hematopoietic stem cell mortality was 5% and relapse incidence was at 21%. Furthermore, only 3 of 22 patients (~14%) who received the UM171-expanded cord blood transplantation died.6
1. To Assess the existing knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy among III-year B.Sc. Nursing Students in selected Nursing College at Rajkot.
2. To Assess the effectiveness of Structured teaching programmed (STP) on knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy among III-year B.Sc. Nursing Students in selected Nursing College at Rajkot.
3. To find out Association between their selected Demographic variables and their pre-test level of knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy.
· H1: The mean of post-test level of knowledge will be higher than the mean of pre-test level of knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy.
· H2: There will be significant association between their selected Demographic variables and their pre-test knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy.
MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY:
Quantitative research approach.
Pre experimental one group pretest posttest design
The variables under the study were independent variable and dependent variables.
· Independent variable:
Structures teaching programmed on umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy.
· Dependent variable:
Knowledge of III-year B.Sc. Nursing Students on umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy.
Setting is the physical location and condition in which data collection takes place.
The study was conducted in Sodha Institute of Nursing College Rajkot.
Target population:
Target population for present study is B.Sc. Nursing Students.
Accessible population:
Accessible population is III-year B.Sc. Nursing Students in selected Nursing College at Rajkot.
Non probability convenient sampling technique was used to select the sample for the study.
Data Analysis and Interpretation: The collected data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics.
Major study findings Includes,
Findings related to demographic variables of the study
1. The majority of 22(55%) samples’ age is between 19-20 yrs.
2. The majority of 34(85%) samples were female students.
3. The majority of 27(67.5%) samples were from nuclear types of family.
4. The majority of 33(82.5%) samples were have O+ blood group.
5. The majority of 23(57.5%) samples were getting information from health care profession.
6. The majority of 32(80%) samples were Hindu.
7. The majority of 39(92.5%) samples were unmarried.
With regards to effectiveness of STP on knowledge regarding umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy among III-year B.Sc. Nursing Students. The obtained “t” value for the level of knowledge was 20.693 with degree of freedom 39 highly significant at 0.001 level of significance. Thus the researcher accepted H1.
With regards to association between selected demographic variables and their pre-test level of knowledge, Researcher found the following demographic variables such as gender,types of family found calculated chi quare value higher than the tabulated value, at 0.05 level, this indicate there is a significant association between these variables and pre-test knowledge, thus researcher accepted stated H2.
The main conclusion of this present study is that the III-year B.Sc. Nursing Students in Selected Nursing College had inadequate and moderately adequate level of Knowledge in pretest and they improved to moderately adequate and adequate knowledge in posttest. Structured teaching programme improves the level of knowledge regarding umbilical stem cell therapy among III-year B.Sc. Nursing Students in Selected Nursing College at Rajkot.
REFERENCES:
1. Jee Leng Lye, Suat Cheng Tan . Knowledge and attitude about stem cells and their application in medicine among nursing students. Malays J Med Sli. 2015; 22(4):23-31
2. N. Forraz and C.P McGuckin. Cell Therapy Research Institute Published 2011 apr.11 cell prolif: 60-69.
3. Adel Alhadlaq, Ulvassr Al-Maflehi. Stem cell research and regenrative medicine at King Abdullahb International Medical Reserch Center. Publised on 2018 Nov 101, Saudi Dent J.2019 Jan;31(1):66-75.
4. Sadri S, Mazhari R, Sadri M, Konjedi N, Shah P. Application of stem cell therapy. J Stem Cell Res Ther. 2011; S1(003):1-7. DOI:10.4172/2157-7633
5. Ministry of Health Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur (MY): Ministry of Health; 2009. [cited 2014 Jan 20]. Guidlines for stem cell research and therapy. http://www.nih.gov.my/mrec/Malaysi an Stem Cell
6. Mehta RS, Brunstein CG. Cord blood transplants versus other sources of allografts: comparison of data in adult setting in: Horwitz M, cHAO N, eds. cord blood transplantations. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017:231-255.
Received on 24.01.2023 Modified on 29.04.2023
Accepted on 26.07.2023 ©A&V Publications All right reserved
A and V Pub J. of Nursing and Medical Res. 2023; 2(3):88-90.
DOI: 10.52711/jnmr.2023.22